Star Wars fans are always hoping for something new each time
the saga is re-released. Some want versions of the original trilogy as they
were first shown, without the Special Edition changes made for their 1997
re-release. Many more hope for an isolated track of John Williams’s score so
they can watch the film as a kind of silent movie, finally fulfilling an
alternate vision of the series’ creator and director, George Lucas.
“I’ve always been a follower of silent movies,” Lucas
explains, “I see film as a visual medium with a musical accompaniment, and
dialogue is a raft that goes on with it.”
For 38 years, John Williams original film score to “Star
Wars” has reigned supreme as the best selling non-pop recording in history. The
American Film Institute’s (AFI) voters chose it as the greatest film score of
all time, besting “Gone With the Wind,” “Lawrence of Arabia,” “Psycho,” and
“The Godfather.”
At a time when film directors were asking their composers to
create scores using jazz, pop, and rock and roll, George Lucas, asked Mr.
Williams to create a romantic score with a large symphony orchestra. The
success of Star Wars and its music ushered in a new era for romantic symphonic
film scores. It’s almost unimaginable that any film today would be accompanied by
anything but a symphonic score.
The music was so vital to the success of the film that when
early viewers saw Star Wars with existing classical music as a temporary score
(like 2001: A Space Odyssey), most thought the film was a sure flop. That
changed once Williams began conducting the London Symphony Orchestra at Abby
Road Studios in early March of 1977. Film Executives at Fox who underwrote most
of the costs of the film, were finally ecstatic: they knew they had a hit. Still,
they were unprepared for the stratospheric frenzy that was to come.
Star Wars became the most successful film of all time when
it was released. It swept past every previous record holder, and was nominated for
10 academy awards, winning 6. Williams won for his score and has been nominated
for 49 Academy Awards in total, second only to Walt Disney.
The Disney Company purchased Lucasfilm in 2012, and is now
in post-production on a new Star Wars film, “The Force Awakens.” As Mr. Williams
prepares to score his seventh Star Wars film, fans can hardly contain
themselves. When word hit the streets
that Disney was planning a digital downloadable version of all six films, the
rumor mill exploded: We were going to get isolated scores as a bonus!
That didn’t happen. So no big deal, right? If you own a
purchased copy of the movie on disc or download, and you own a copy of the
soundtrack recording, all you have to do is play the movie on your television
with the sound off and start the recording on your stereo (or phone/Sonos/Bluetooth
speakers) at the right moment. Or you could use a program like iMovie and sync
the two together.
Not so fast! Setting aside the copyright issues, the music won’t
match up. Why? It’s complicated, but I’ll try and explain.
The scoring process often begins with the director and
composer meeting to view the film after it’s been roughly edited into shape.
They view this “rough cut” with the film’s music editor, and spot the places
where music will eventually go. The composer will start composing to this rough
edit but the film will constantly be changing as special effects are added,
scenes are reshot, or maybe additional scenes are needed to clarify the film’s
plot or sub-plot.
As a side note: Movie making is an extremely expensive
process, tying up tens, or even hundreds of millions of dollars for a couple
years while the film is being made. This expensive juggernaut is rolling along
at high speed, racing to reach a preset release date, so that investors can
finally recoup the money they’ve shelled out. They can’t wait for a composer to
craft a symphony that might take another year or two to wait for.
For the composer, who is operating on too much coffee and
not-enough sleep, it’s a nearly impossible task. Like trying to shoot a moving
target a mile off from the back of an elephant riding on a train car that can’t
keep up with the target: it gets closer sometimes and just when it’s in sight,
it moves away again. Fortunately, the music editor is there to assist with
temporary music approved by the director and edited in for the composer’s
reference. Music editors assist further with their excellent memory and skill for
keeping track of all the composer’s completed work.
Eventually it’s time to record the orchestra while viewing
the latest edit of the film. The conductor will interpret the composer’s score,
hitting all the right moments in the film: Leia’s hologram suddenly appears, a pod escapes with
the Droids, Vader’s entrance, etc. All of these moments must be precisely
recorded in time to the image to elicit the desired response from the audience when played back later.
Once the score is recorded, the film will still be edited into a different
state. For instance, a few frames might be cut from the middle of the scene, so
the orchestra recording is now out of sync with the image: Vader’s entrance
fanfare is late. The music editor’s job will be to edit the music so that it
fits the final edit of the film. With sound effects and dialog covering some of
the rougher transitions of the edited music recording, the audience is blissfully
unaware that the music was essentially re-cut and pasted together again.
Those edits can make it tough to listen to an isolated
score. The soundtrack recording that can be purchased won’t be the same as the score in the movie. Different "takes" or versions chosen by the music editor to fit the film
might be better left off the soundtrack to be sold for listening purposes only,
and the rougher sounding edits made to hit the precise moment won’t have sound
effects or dialog to cover up behind. It is possible, though, to prepare an
isolated score. With modern Non-Linear Editing (NLE) software, a powerful
computer system and excellent monitoring equipment, a talented individual with
access to the recordings might be able to recreate a score with clean sounding edits that make musical sense. It’s been
done for over 100 films and many are available today on Blu-ray and DVD. The
list includes films scored by Jerry Goldsmith (Alien, L.A. Confidential, Planet
of the Apes, The Omen) and Bernard Herrmann (North by Northwest, The Day the
Earth Stood Still, Mysterious Island, Vertigo)
Unfortunately the cost of re-creating the score can be
prohibitive, and it may be difficult to find an individual who knows the film
and score well enough to pull it off. The job itself can take a lot of time to
get right, and for many years, Kenneth Wannberg was THE Star Wars music editor.
He passed the shears to the talented Ramiro Belgardt on the last film (Revenge
of the Sith) and will assist Williams and new director, wunderkind J.J. Abrams
on The Force Awakens. Even if these talented individuals were available to
recreate an isolated score, music rights, performance rights and synchronization
rights all have to be worked out with different groups or individuals who have
disparate reasons for cooperating, or not.
Now the good news: it can be done. I did it. Twice. Fortunately, I'm a huge fan and I've been very familiar with the scores since they were released. Since I've scored a few small movies, I'm well versed in all the technology needed to do get the job done in ultra-high quality.
After a
couple weeks and hundreds of edits, I was able to create an isolated score for
both Star Wars and The Empire Strikes Back, but additionally, I let the original sound effects and
dialog fade back in when there is no music. Modern audiences aren’t used to watching an image without some sound, and it’s enjoyable to hear the dialog and sound effects when the score isn’t present; favorite lines jump out, whether they’re heard from the actor, or underscored by the orchestra, and somehow, even expository moments are made more poignant.
When I viewed the films in my private reference home cinema,
the effect was astounding: it was as if I were viewing Star Wars again for the
first time. The emotional impact of John
Williams’s score playing at full volume is so strong that your breath is taken
away. Emotions are heightened by the music, revealing another “Take” on the
film. Mr. Lucas was right. Star Wars is a modern day silent movie.
Now for the bad news: You can’t see these versions of the
films. These edited films have been created for my own enjoyment. I cannot
share them by screening them in any public venue and I can’t post them to the
Internet without permission. Fair use allows me to enjoy them in my home with
my friends only. I can share some clips online showing the process for educational purposes and for discussion on the merits of isolating the score, etc. It would be very cool to be able to show them at the landmark
Castro Theater, just a few blocks from my house, but those permissions would
have to be worked out, and I don’t see a path forward on that, yet.
It’s my hope that Disney sees value in an isolated score as
an added bonus to build excitement for future releases, to introduce the films
in a new way to young and older audiences, and as a tool for live symphonic
performances played to the film showcasing John Williams’ extraordinary and ingenious
contribution to the greatest film soundtrack of all time: Star Wars.
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